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In the early 19th century, the term Humanismus was used in Germany with several meanings and from there, it re-entered the English language with two distinct denotations: the first an academic term linked to the study of classic literature, while the other, more popular use signified a non-religious approach to life contrary to theism. The word "humanist" was used to describe a group of students of classical literature and those advocating for a classical education. The word reappeared during the Italian Renaissance as umanista and entered the English language in the 16th century. This etymology survives in the modern university concept of the " humanities": the arts, philosophy, history, literature, and related disciplines.
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The word "humanism" derives from the Latin concept humanitas, which was first used in ancient Rome by Cicero and other thinkers, to describe values related to liberal education. 5.5 Humanist psychology and counselling.Well known humanist associations are the Humanists UK and the American Humanist Association. Those with a humanist worldview maintain religion is not a precondition of morality, and object to excessive religious entanglement with education and the state.Ĭontemporary humanist organizations work under the umbrella of Humanist International. Humanists tend to advocate for human rights, free speech, progressive policies, and democracy. Most frequently, humanism refers to a nontheistic view centered on human agency, and a reliance on science and reason rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world. Starting in the 20th century, humanist movements have typically been non-religious and aligned with secularism. It views humanity as responsible for the promotion and development of individuals, espouses the equal and inherent dignity of all human beings, and emphasizes a concern for humans in relation to the world. In the current day, the term generally refers to a focus on human well-being and advocates for human freedom, autonomy, and progress. By the early 20th century, organizations solely dedicated to humanism flourished in Europe and the United States, and have since expanded all over the globe. With Enlightenment, humanistic values were re-enforced by the advances in science and technology, giving confidence to humans in their exploration of the world.
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During the Italian Renaissance, ancient works inspired scholars in various Italian cities, giving rise to a movement now called Renaissance humanism. The meaning of the term "humanism" has changed according to the successive intellectual movements that have identified with it. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry.
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Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings.
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